Citizens and communities: The Greek City-States -
With the recovery of Greek civilization, the tribal communities of the Dark Ages began to develop into city-states.
City-States and Citizens-
The notion of citizen participation seems to have originated partly in geography.
ACROPOLIS- the high fortified citadel and religious center of and ancient Greek town.
HOPLITE- a heavily armed and armored citizen- soldier of ancient Greece.
PHALANX- a unit of several hundred hoplites.
MONARCHY- a state in which supreme power is held by a single, usually hereditary ruler.
OLIGARCHY- a state in which supreme power is held by a small group.
TRIREMES- massive fighting vessels with three banks of oars, used to ram or board enemy ships.
TYRANNY- Rule by a self-proclaimed dictator.
DEMOCRACY- in ancient Greece, a form of government in which all adult male citizens were entitled to take part in decision making.
Monarchy, Oligarchy, Tyranny, Democracy-
In the earliest times of classical Greek civilization, the communities that would become city-states were ruled by kings and their leading companion warriors, as described in the epics of Homer.
Sparta: The Military Ideal-
The Spartans were the descendants of Greeks who had conquered part of the southern mainland, the territory of Laconia.
HELOTS- noncitizens forced to work
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